Background: Diverticular disease is a common disorder. Several guidelines report on its optimal management. The aim of this study was to describe the evolution of the prevalence of this disease, the treatment strategies, and the mortality rate on a national level.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective study on prospective data using a nationwide database. All consecutive adult patients diagnosed with diverticular disease and admitted via the emergency department from 2009 to 2018 were included in the study. We performed a descriptive analysis for epidemiologic data, diagnosis, and treatment.
Results: During the data collection period, 233,386 patients were included in the study. The number of admissions for emergent diverticular disease increased by 65.8%, from 16,754 in 2009 to 27,781 in 2018, for both uncomplicated and complicated diverticular disease. Among these patients, 19,350 (8.3%) were operated on. The rate of surgical treatment progressively decreased from 9.7% in 2009 to 7.6% in 2018. The three main interventions were Hartmann's procedure (HP, n = 9111, 47.1%), resection with primary anastomosis (RPA, n = 4335, 22.4%), and peritoneal lavage (PL, n = 4836, 25%). We observed a progressive annual increase in HPs (n = 716 in 2009 and n = 1055 in 2018) as well as a decline in PLs since 2015, while the number of RPAs remained stable.
Conclusions: Although admissions for emergent diverticular disease have increased during the study period, the rate of surgical treatment has decreased, suggesting an evolution toward more conservative management of this pathology.
Keywords: Emergent diverticular disease; Nationwide study; Surgery.