Developing instruments for cross-cultural psychiatric research

J Nerv Ment Dis. 1988 May;176(5):257-63.

Abstract

The growth of cross-cultural psychiatry is now occurring at a time when psychiatry in general is emphasizing diagnostic clarity and the use of quantifiable and reliable methods of collecting clinical and research data. It is now imperative that cross-cultural psychiatry also examine its methods for developing instruments for use in cross-cultural research. This paper outlines a method for developing instruments designed in one culture for use in a second, and particular attention is given to cross-cultural validity or equivalence. Five types of equivalence are enumerated and defined: content, semantic, technical, criterion, and conceptual equivalence. These concepts are illustrated by examples from the authors' experience in research on internal migrants in Peru.

MeSH terms

  • Cross-Cultural Comparison*
  • Humans
  • Language
  • Mental Disorders / diagnosis*
  • Mental Disorders / epidemiology
  • Peru
  • Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
  • Psychological Tests*
  • Psychometrics
  • Research Design*
  • Social Adjustment
  • Transients and Migrants