Evaluation of Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Drug-Drug Interactions of an Oral Suspension of Edaravone in Healthy Adults

Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev. 2021 Oct;10(10):1174-1187. doi: 10.1002/cpdd.925. Epub 2021 Mar 11.

Abstract

Intravenous (IV) edaravone is approved as an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) treatment. Because IV administration places a burden on patients, development of orally administered ALS treatments is needed. Therefore, 2 phase 1 studies of oral formulations of edaravone in healthy subjects examined the pharmacokinetics (PK), safety, racial differences, and drug-drug interactions (DDIs) and investigated the dose of the oral formulation considered to be bioequivalent to the approved dose of the IV formulation. Study 1 was a placebo-controlled, randomized, single-blind study of single-ascending-dose oral edaravone with the dose range of 30 to 300 mg (n = 56). Study 2 was conducted in 2 cohorts (n = 84); the first assessed DDIs with multiple-dose edaravone 120 mg/day given over 5 or 8 days (coadministered with single-dose rosuvastatin, sildenafil, or furosemide), and the second evaluated PK and racial (Japanese/White) differences in PK parameters with doses of 100-mg edaravone. The oral formulation of edaravone was well absorbed, and plasma concentrations of unchanged edaravone increased more than dose proportionally within the dose range of 30 to 300 mg. No effect of race on oral edaravone PK and no notable DDI effects possibly caused by orally administered edaravone were observed. The oral edaravone formulations were safe and tolerable under the assessed conditions. Mathematical modeling determined that equivalent exposures in plasma with the approved dose of the IV edaravone formulation, as reported previously, could be achieved when the oral edaravone formulation was administered at a dose of ≈100 mg, with an absolute bioavailability of ≈60%.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04481750 NCT04481789.

Keywords: clinical pharmacology; drug-drug interactions; edaravone; oral formulation; phase 1 study; racial difference.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase I
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Adult
  • Asian People*
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Drug Interactions / physiology
  • Edaravone / administration & dosage*
  • Edaravone / pharmacokinetics*
  • Free Radical Scavengers / administration & dosage*
  • Free Radical Scavengers / pharmacokinetics*
  • Healthy Volunteers
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Single-Blind Method
  • Suspensions
  • White People*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Free Radical Scavengers
  • Suspensions
  • Edaravone

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04481750
  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04481789