The use of cryopreserved semen offers the possibility of home insemination by the instructed partner. A comparative study was designed whereby participants were randomly allocated to use home or clinic insemination for six cycles. If no pregnancy had occurred after six cycles, the site of insemination was switched to the opposite location for a maximum of six further cycles. Fifty-three women with primary infertility fulfilling all entry criteria entered the study. In the first 6 cycles out of 29 home starters, 13 pregnancies were conceived, whereas in 24 clinic starters 11 pregnancies occurred, yielding no statistical difference in pregnancy rate. Of 138 couples who did not meet the criteria in the same period, 45 opted for home insemination, resulting in 20 home-inseminated pregnancies. Again, for comparable subgroups no statistical difference in pregnancy rate between home and clinic insemination was found.