UD Interference Test: Creation and validation of a new instrument of resistance to interference. Normalization and standardization for Spanish population

O Sáez-Atxukarro; R Del Pino; J Peña; D J Schretlen; N Ibarretxe-Bilbao; N Ojeda

doi:10.1016/j.nrl.2021.01.014

UD Interference Test: Creation and validation of a new instrument of resistance to interference. Normalization and standardization for Spanish population

Neurologia (Engl Ed). 2021 Mar 12:S0213-4853(21)00031-1. doi: 10.1016/j.nrl.2021.01.014. Online ahead of print.

[Article in English, Spanish]

Authors

O Sáez-Atxukarro¹, R Del Pino², J Peña¹, D J Schretlen³, N Ibarretxe-Bilbao¹, N Ojeda⁴

Affiliations

¹ Departamento de Métodos y Fundamentos de la Psicología; Universidad de Deusto, Bilbao, España.
² Grupo de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biocruces Bizkaia, Barakaldo, España.
³ Departamento de Psiquiatría y Ciencias del Comportamiento; Facultad de Medicina; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, EE. UU.; Departamento Russell H. Morgan de Radiología y Ciencias Radiológicas; Facultad de Medicina; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, EE. UU.
⁴ Departamento de Métodos y Fundamentos de la Psicología; Universidad de Deusto, Bilbao, España. Electronic address: nojeda@deusto.es.

PMID: 33722456
DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2021.01.014

Abstract

Introduction: The UD Interference Test measures processing speed and attention, and is based on the concept of interference of the Stroop Test. The main purpose of the study is to provide an alternative version of the Stroop Test that overcomes some of the limitations of previous versions in assessing individuals with daltonism or age-related reading difficulties, and to obtain normative and standardised data for the Spanish population.

Methods: This study is part of the Normacog project. We evaluated 905 individuals (age range, 18-93 years) to analyse the test's reliability and concurrent and construct validity. We evaluated the effect of age, sex, and level of education on UD Interference Test performance and calculated percentiles and age- and education-adjusted scaled scores.

Results: The test has good reliability (α = 0.875) and concurrent (r = 0.443-0.725; p < .001) and construct validity (r = 0.472-0.737; p < .001). We observed age and educational level to have a significant effect on UD Interference Test scores, explaining 12-40% of variance. Sex only had a significant effect on the resistance to interference index.

Conclusions: We present an alternative version of the Stroop Color and Word Test with some advantages over previous versions. We provide standardised and normalised data for the Spanish population to correct the test according to the subject's age and level of education.

Keywords: Datos normativos; Estandarización; Neuropsychological test; Normacog; Normative data; Población española; Spanish population; Standardisation; Test UD Interferencia; Test neuropsicológico; UD Interference Test.