Identifying risk factors for enteral access procedures in neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia: A novel risk-assessment score

J Pediatr Surg. 2021 Jun;56(6):1130-1134. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2021.02.029. Epub 2021 Feb 24.

Abstract

Background/purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) undergoing enteral access procedures (gastrostomy or jejunostomy) during their initial hospitalization, and establish a clinical scoring system based on these characteristics.

Methods: Data were obtained from the multicenter, multinational CDH Study Group database (CDHSG Registry) between 2007 and 2019. Patients were randomly partitioned into model-derivation and validation subsets. Weighted scores were assigned to risk factors based on their calculated β-coefficients after logistic regression.

Results: Of 4537 total patients, 597 (13%) underwent gastrostomy or jejunostomy tube placement. In the derivation subset, factors independently associated with an increased risk for enteral access included oxygen requirement at 30-days, chromosomal abnormalities, gastroesophageal reflux, major cardiac anomalies, ECMO requirement, liver herniation, and increased defect size. Based on the devised scoring system, patients could be stratified into very low (0-4 points; <10% risk), low (5-6 points; 10-20% risk), intermediate (7-9 points; 30-60% risk), and high risk (≥10 points; 70% risk) groups for enteral access.

Conclusion: This study identifies risk factors associated with enteral access procedures in neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia and establishes a novel scoring system that may be used to guide clinical decision making in those with poor oral feeding.

Type of study: Prognosis study.

Keywords: CDH; Congenital diaphragmatic hernia; Enteral access; Gastrostomy tube; Tube feedings.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Hernia
  • Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital* / surgery
  • Humans
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Logistic Models
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors