A Cross-Sectional Study on Ultrasonographic Measurements of Parotid Glands in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abhishek Gupta; Vijayalakshmi Kondajji Ramachandra; Mubeen Khan; Kumari Sonam Jha; K S Vedaraju; Nirmala Alagudu Channaiah

doi:10.1155/2021/5583412

A Cross-Sectional Study on Ultrasonographic Measurements of Parotid Glands in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Int J Dent. 2021 Mar 2:2021:5583412. doi: 10.1155/2021/5583412. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Abhishek Gupta¹, Vijayalakshmi Kondajji Ramachandra², Mubeen Khan², Kumari Sonam Jha², K S Vedaraju³, Nirmala Alagudu Channaiah⁴

Affiliations

¹ Oral Medicine and Radiology, KIST Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Lalitpur 44705, Nepal.
² Oral Medicine and Radiology, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore 560001, India.
³ Department of Radiodiagnosis, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore 560001, India.
⁴ Department of Medicine, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore 560001, India.

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease which is seen increasing globally and is diagnosed and monitored on basis of invasive blood investigations. Salivary glands are affected in diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to assess ultrasonographic measurements of parotid glands and correlate with the glycosylated hemoglobin levels in type 2 diabetic mellitus and duration of type 2 diabetic mellitus and treatment regimens.

Materials and methods: This study was conducted on 50 subjects of type 2 diabetes mellitus and on 50 healthy controls. After HbA_1C analysis of selected individuals, 100 individuals were grouped into group I (above 5.7) and group II (below 5.7). Ultrasonographic measurements (length (L), transverse dimension (TD), depth lateral to the mandible (DLM), and depth dorsal to the mandible (DDM)) of bilateral parotid glands were calculated. Statistical analysis was done using the chi-square test of significance and Spearman correlation coefficients.

Results: On correlation with measurement of right (L, DLM, DDM) and left (TD, DLM, DDM) of parotid glands with duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus, we found a moderate positive relationship, whereas as for right (TD) and left (L), we found a low-positive relationship. Similarly, for right (L, TD, DLM, DDM) and left (TD, DDM) parotid glands with HbA_1C, we found a low-positive relationship, whereas for left parotid gland (L, DLM) with HbA_1C, we found a moderate positive relationship. The mean DLM of right and left parotids in the insulin group was found to be slightly more than that in the combined group which was statistically insignificant.

Conclusion: Ultrasonographic measurements of parotid glands were found to be higher in study subjects as compared to control subjects, and they increased with increased HbA_1C levels; also, there was no difference in treatment regimen. Ultrasonography could be a prospective diagnostic test for detection and monitoring of diabetes mellitus, and still further studies are required for this.