Direct and indirect effects of microbiota-derived metabolites on neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis

Microbes Infect. 2021 Jul-Aug;23(6-7):104814. doi: 10.1016/j.micinf.2021.104814. Epub 2021 Mar 26.

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) are highly influenced by changes in the microbiota and of microbiota-derived metabolites, including short chain fatty acids, bile acids, and tryptophan derivatives. This review will discuss the effects of microbiota-derived metabolites on neuroinflammation driven by central nervous system-resident cells and peripheral immune cells, and their influence on outcomes of EAE and MS.

Keywords: Bile acids; Experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE); Microbiota; Multiple sclerosis (MS); Short chain fatty acids (SCFA); Tryptophan.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Bacteria / classification
  • Bacteria / isolation & purification
  • Bacteria / metabolism*
  • Central Nervous System / immunology
  • Fatty Acids, Volatile / metabolism
  • Gastrointestinal Microbiome*
  • Humans
  • Multiple Sclerosis / immunology*
  • Multiple Sclerosis / microbiology*

Substances

  • Fatty Acids, Volatile

Grants and funding