The Effects of Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Fluoride, and Lead on Bone Tissue

doi:10.3390/biom11040506

Review

. 2021 Mar 28;11(4):506.

doi: 10.3390/biom11040506.

The Effects of Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Fluoride, and Lead on Bone Tissue

Żaneta Ciosek¹, Karolina Kot², Danuta Kosik-Bogacka³, Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk², Iwona Rotter¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 54, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland.
² Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
³ Independent Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Botany, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.

PMID: 33800689
PMCID: PMC8066206
DOI: 10.3390/biom11040506

Review

The Effects of Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Fluoride, and Lead on Bone Tissue

Żaneta Ciosek et al. Biomolecules. 2021.

. 2021 Mar 28;11(4):506.

doi: 10.3390/biom11040506.

Authors

Żaneta Ciosek¹, Karolina Kot², Danuta Kosik-Bogacka³, Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk², Iwona Rotter¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 54, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland.
² Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
³ Independent Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Botany, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.

PMID: 33800689
PMCID: PMC8066206
DOI: 10.3390/biom11040506

Abstract

Bones are metabolically active organs. Their reconstruction is crucial for the proper functioning of the skeletal system during bone growth and remodeling, fracture healing, and maintaining calcium-phosphorus homeostasis. The bone metabolism and tissue properties are influenced by trace elements that may act either indirectly through the regulation of macromineral metabolism, or directly by affecting osteoblast and osteoclast proliferation or activity, or through becoming part of the bone mineral matrix. This study analyzes the skeletal impact of macroelements (calcium, magnesium, phosphorus), microelements (fluorine), and heavy metals (lead), and discusses the concentration of each of these elements in the various bone tissues.

Keywords: bone; calcium; fluorine; lead; magnesium; phosphorus.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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References

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[1] Osterhoff G., Morgan E.F., Shefelbine S.J., Karim L., McNamara L.M., Augat P. Bone mechanical properties and changes with osteoporosis. Injury. 2016;47:11–20. doi: 10.1016/S0020-1383(16)47003-8. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[2] Osterhoff G., Morgan E.F., Shefelbine S.J., Karim L., McNamara L.M., Augat P. Bone mechanical properties and changes with osteoporosis. Injury. 2016;47:11–20. doi: 10.1016/S0020-1383(16)47003-8. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[3] Kini U., Nandeesh B.N. Physiology of Bone Formation, Remodeling, and Metabolism. In: Fogelman I., Gnanasegaran G., van der Wall H., editors. Radionuclide and Hybrid Bone Imaging. Springer; Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany: 2012. pp. 29–57.

[4] Kini U., Nandeesh B.N. Physiology of Bone Formation, Remodeling, and Metabolism. In: Fogelman I., Gnanasegaran G., van der Wall H., editors. Radionuclide and Hybrid Bone Imaging. Springer; Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany: 2012. pp. 29–57.

[5] Vidaud C., Bourgeois D., Meyer D. Bone as Target Organ for Metals: The Case of f-Elements. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 2012;25:1161–1175. doi: 10.1021/tx300064m. - DOI - PubMed

[6] Vidaud C., Bourgeois D., Meyer D. Bone as Target Organ for Metals: The Case of f-Elements. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 2012;25:1161–1175. doi: 10.1021/tx300064m. - DOI - PubMed

[7] Wang L., Yu H., Yang G., Zhang Y., Wang W., Su T., Ma W., Yang F., Chen L., He L., et al. Correlation between bone mineral density and serum trace element contents of elderly malesin Beijing urban area. Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med. 2015;8:19250. - PMC - PubMed

[8] Wang L., Yu H., Yang G., Zhang Y., Wang W., Su T., Ma W., Yang F., Chen L., He L., et al. Correlation between bone mineral density and serum trace element contents of elderly malesin Beijing urban area. Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med. 2015;8:19250. - PMC - PubMed

[9] Wang N., Xie D., Wu J., Wu Z., He H., Yang Z., Yang T., Wang Y. Selenium and bone health: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2020;26:e036612. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036612. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[10] Wang N., Xie D., Wu J., Wu Z., He H., Yang Z., Yang T., Wang Y. Selenium and bone health: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2020;26:e036612. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036612. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

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The Effects of Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Fluoride, and Lead on Bone Tissue

Affiliations

The Effects of Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Fluoride, and Lead on Bone Tissue

Authors

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Conflict of interest statement

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