Background: We report a unique case of transient hyperphosphatasemia in a pediatric patient with a history of hepatic and skeletal abnormalities.
Patient and methods: A 2-month old male was diagnosed with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type-2 and osteoporosis after marked increases in liver function tests were noted at 1 month of age. He underwent a second liver transplantation at 1 y. The increased liver function test trend resolved a few weeks post-transplantation. Four months after successful liver transplantation, unexplained significant increases in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were observed, and they persisted for almost 9 months. Among the etiologies under consideration for the isolated increased ALP activity were viral infections and macro-ALP.
Results: A persistent trend in abnormally increased ALP for 9 months was investigated leading to a confirmed diagnosis of transient hyperphosphatasemia (TH).
Conclusion: Pediatric post-liver transplant patients with skeletal and hepatic abnormalities including isolated markedly increased ALP activities represent a previously undescribed TH patient population. The 4.3% prevalence of TH in pediatric liver transplant recipients within our healthcare system is considerably higher than the previously reported prevalence of 2.1% for patients within the United States.
Keywords: Alkaline phosphatase; Alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme; Pediatric liver transplant; Transient hyperphosphatasemia.
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