Tics, tremors and other movement disorders in childhood

Joanna Blackburn; Mered Parnes

doi:10.1016/j.cppeds.2021.100983

Tics, tremors and other movement disorders in childhood

Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care. 2021 Mar;51(3):100983. doi: 10.1016/j.cppeds.2021.100983. Epub 2021 Apr 5.

Authors

Joanna Blackburn¹, Mered Parnes²

Affiliations

¹ Division of Child Neurology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.
² Pediatric Movement Disorders Clinic, Section of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States. Electronic address: parnes@bcm.edu.

PMID: 33832853
DOI: 10.1016/j.cppeds.2021.100983

Abstract

Movement disorders presenting in childhood include tics, dystonia, chorea, tremor, stereotypy, myoclonus, and parkinsonism, each of which can be part of various clinical syndromes with distinct etiologies. Some of these conditions are benign and require only reassurance; others are bothersome and require treatment, or may be clues that herald underlying pathology. Answers lie in the inherent characteristics of the movements themselves, together with the clinical context provided in the history obtained by the examiner. The aim of this review is to present an overview of the categories of involuntary movements, along with examples of common acquired and genetic causes, and an approach to history-taking, examination, and treatment.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Chorea* / diagnosis
Chorea* / etiology
Chorea* / therapy
Dystonia*
Humans
Movement Disorders* / diagnosis
Movement Disorders* / etiology
Movement Disorders* / therapy
Tics* / diagnosis
Tics* / etiology
Tics* / therapy
Tremor / diagnosis
Tremor / etiology
Tremor / therapy