Management of Pediatric Breast Masses: A Multi-institutional Retrospective Cohort Study

J Surg Res. 2021 Aug:264:309-315. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.01.041. Epub 2021 Apr 10.

Abstract

Background: The objective of our study was to describe the workup, management, and outcomes of pediatric patients with breast masses undergoing operative intervention.

Materials and methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted of girls 10-21 y of age who underwent surgery for a breast mass across 11 children's hospitals from 2011 to 2016. Demographic and clinical characteristics were summarized.

Results: Four hundred and fifty-three female patients with a median age of 16 y (IQR: 3) underwent surgery for a breast mass during the study period. The most common preoperative imaging was breast ultrasound (95%); 28% reported the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) classification. Preoperative core biopsy was performed in 12%. All patients underwent lumpectomy, most commonly due to mass size (45%) or growth (29%). The median maximum dimension of a mass on preoperative ultrasound was 2.8 cm (IQR: 1.9). Most operations were performed by pediatric surgeons (65%) and breast surgeons (25%). The most frequent pathology was fibroadenoma (75%); 3% were phyllodes. BI-RADS scoring ≥4 on breast ultrasound had a sensitivity of 0% and a negative predictive value of 93% for identifying phyllodes tumors.

Conclusions: Most pediatric breast masses are self-identified and benign. BI-RADS classification based on ultrasound was not consistently assigned and had little clinical utility for identifying phyllodes.

Keywords: BI-RADS; Breast masses; Fibroadenoma; Phyllodes.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Biopsy, Large-Core Needle
  • Breast / diagnostic imaging
  • Breast / pathology
  • Breast / surgery
  • Breast Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Breast Neoplasms / pathology
  • Breast Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Child
  • Clinical Decision-Making / methods
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Diagnostic Self Evaluation
  • Feasibility Studies
  • Female
  • Fibroadenoma / diagnosis
  • Fibroadenoma / pathology
  • Fibroadenoma / therapy*
  • Humans
  • Mastectomy, Segmental / standards
  • Mastectomy, Segmental / statistics & numerical data*
  • Phyllodes Tumor / diagnosis
  • Phyllodes Tumor / pathology
  • Phyllodes Tumor / therapy*
  • Practice Guidelines as Topic
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Ultrasonography, Mammary
  • Watchful Waiting / standards
  • Watchful Waiting / statistics & numerical data*
  • Young Adult