PIP: In the absence of vital statistics data, analysis of the 1980 Uganda Population Census for South Kampala was able to provide estimates of infant, child, and adult mortality. Indirect techniques yielded estimated 1q0 values of 0.0860 for male infants, 0.0680 for female infants, and 0.0774 for infants of both sexes. The infant mortality rate estimated for 1980 is somewhat higher than that estimated for Kampala city in 1969 (0.0750), supporting medical professionals' opinion that infant mortality increased during the 1970s due to political and economic factors in Uganda and the consequent deterioration of health services. Child mortality (4q1), estimated in this study as 0.0491, appears to have declined during the 1970s; however, this unexpected finding may reflect differences in coverage and content errors in the 2 sets of data for 1969 and 1980. Adult mortality, based on the estimated survival rates from paternal and maternal orphanhood data and those from adjusted 12 values, is slightly lower than those for infant and child mortality. Expectation of life at birth estimates from various techniques show clearly that females have lower patterns of mortality than males. The estimated life expectation is 54.7 years for males, 59.3 years for females, and 57.0 years for both sexes. Overall, these estimates indicate a need for further reductions in mortality in Uganda as part of the overall development effort.