Background: Inositol polyphosphate 4-phosphatase type II (INPP4B) is a negative regulator of the PI3K-Akt signalling pathway and plays a contradictory role in different types of cancers. However, the its biological role played by INPP4B in human gallbladder cancer (GBC) has not been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the expression, clinical significance and biological function of INPP4B in GBC patients and cell lines.
Methods: The INPP4B protein expression levels in gallbladder cancer tissues and normal gallbladder tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry, and the clinical significance of INPP4B was analysed. Knockdown and overexpression of INPP4B in GBC-SD and SGC-996 cells followed by cell proliferation, clonogenic, apoptosis detection, scratch wound-healing and transwell assays were used to identify INPP4B function in vitro.
Results: INPP4B was up-regulated in human GBC tissues compared with normal gallbladder tissues and was related to histopathological differentiation (p = 0.026). Here, we observed that INPP4B was highly expressed in high-moderately differentiated tumours compared with low-undifferentiated tumours (p = 0.022). Additionally, we found that INPP4B expression was not associated with overall survival of GBC patients (p = 0.071) and was not an independent prognostic factor. Furthermore, when we stratified the relationship between INPP4B expression and the prognosis of GBC based on histopathological differentiation, we found that INPP4B played a contradictory role in GBC progression depending on the degree of differentiation. In addition, INPP4B knockdown inhibited the proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion in GBC cells, while INPP4B overexpression had the opposite effects in vitro, which indicates its role as an oncoprotein.
Conclusions: These findings suggested that INPP4B may play a dual role in the prognosis of GBC depending on the degree of differentiation and that INPP4B might act as an oncogene in gallbladder cancer cells.
Keywords: Gallbladder cancer; INPP4B; Oncogene; Prognostic biomarker; Tumour suppressor gene.