Constitutive G protein coupling profiles of understudied orphan GPCRs

PLoS One. 2021 Apr 22;16(4):e0247743. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247743. eCollection 2021.

Abstract

A large number of GPCRs are potentially valuable drug targets but remain understudied. Many of these lack well-validated activating ligands and are considered "orphan" receptors, and G protein coupling profiles have not been defined for many orphan GPCRs. Here we asked if constitutive receptor activity can be used to determine G protein coupling profiles of orphan GPCRs. We monitored nucleotide-sensitive interactions between 48 understudied orphan GPCRs and five G proteins (240 combinations) using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET). No receptor ligands were used, but GDP was used as a common G protein ligand to disrupt receptor-G protein complexes. Constitutive BRET between the same receptors and β-arrestins was also measured. We found sufficient GDP-sensitive BRET to generate G protein coupling profiles for 22 of the 48 receptors we studied. Altogether we identified 48 coupled receptor-G protein pairs, many of which have not been described previously. We conclude that receptor-G protein complexes that form spontaneously in the absence of guanine nucleotides can be used to profile G protein coupling of constitutively-active GPCRs. This approach may prove useful for studying G protein coupling of other GPCRs for which activating ligands are not available.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Arrestin / metabolism
  • GTP-Binding Proteins / metabolism
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Humans
  • Luminescent Measurements
  • Protein Interaction Mapping
  • Protein Interaction Maps*
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / metabolism*

Substances

  • Arrestin
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
  • GTP-Binding Proteins