Cerebral Venous Thrombosis in COVID-19: A New York Metropolitan Cohort Study

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2021 Jul;42(7):1196-1200. doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A7134. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Abstract

Background and purpose: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is associated with hypercoagulability. We sought to evaluate the demographic and clinical characteristics of cerebral venous thrombosis among patients hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) at 6 tertiary care centers in the New York City metropolitan area.

Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective multicenter cohort study of 13,500 consecutive patients with COVID-19 who were hospitalized between March 1 and May 30, 2020.

Results: Of 13,500 patients with COVID-19, twelve had imaging-proved cerebral venous thrombosis with an incidence of 8.8 per 10,000 during 3 months, which is considerably higher than the reported incidence of cerebral venous thrombosis in the general population of 5 per million annually. There was a male preponderance (8 men, 4 women) and an average age of 49 years (95% CI, 36-62 years; range, 17-95 years). Only 1 patient (8%) had a history of thromboembolic disease. Neurologic symptoms secondary to cerebral venous thrombosis occurred within 24 hours of the onset of the respiratory and constitutional symptoms in 58% of cases, and 75% had venous infarction, hemorrhage, or both on brain imaging. Management consisted of anticoagulation, endovascular thrombectomy, and surgical hematoma evacuation. The mortality rate was 25%.

Conclusions: Early evidence suggests a higher-than-expected frequency of cerebral venous thrombosis among patients hospitalized for COVID-19. Cerebral venous thrombosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of neurologic syndromes associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • COVID-19 / diagnosis
  • COVID-19 / epidemiology*
  • Causality
  • Cohort Studies
  • Comorbidity
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Intracranial Thrombosis / diagnosis
  • Intracranial Thrombosis / epidemiology*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • New York City / epidemiology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Thrombectomy / adverse effects
  • Thromboembolism / diagnosis
  • Thromboembolism / epidemiology*
  • Venous Thrombosis / epidemiology