Experimental data are presented here proving the accumulation of glycine in serum after transurethral prostatectomy and increased production of glycine metabolites: serine, alanine, glyoxylic acid, and glycolic acid. The presence of the metabolites glyoxylic acid and glycolic acid was demonstrated by gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Glycine, glyoxylic acid, and glycolic acid possess neurological activity, so we examined the pathophysiology of the transurethral prostatectomy syndrome in view of the transient accumulation of these compounds in serum.