A TGFβ Signaling Inhibitor, SB431542, Inhibits Reovirus-mediated Lysis of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells in a TGFβ-independent Manner

Anticancer Res. 2021 May;41(5):2431-2440. doi: 10.21873/anticanres.15018.

Abstract

Background/aim: Oncolytic reovirus, which is a non-enveloped virus possessing a 10-segmented double-stranded RNA genome, has been anticipated as a novel class of antitumor agent. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is considered to be a target suitable for reovirus-mediated virotherapy. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β plays an important role in the pathogenesis of HCC. TGF-β-signaling inhibitors have proceeded to clinical trials as potential antitumor agents for HCC. On the other hand, TGF-β is involved in induction of expression of cathepsins B and L, which are important for reovirus infection. It remains to be examined whether TGF-β signaling inhibitors affect reovirus-mediated lysis of HCC cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of TGF-β-signaling inhibitors on tumor cell lysis efficiency of reovirus in human HCC cells.

Materials and methods: Reovirus was added to four types of human HCC cell lines pretreated with one of three TGF-β type I receptor inhibitors: SB431542, A-83-01, or galunisertib (LY2157299). Cell viability, virus genome copy numbers, and virus protein expression were evaluated following reovirus infection.

Results: SB431542 significantly inhibited reovirus-mediated killing of human HCC cell lines, while A-83-01 and galunisertib did not inhibit.

Conclusion: These data indicate that SB431542 inhibited reovirus-mediated lysis of human HCC cells in a TGF-β signaling-independent manner.

Keywords: SB431542; TGF-β inhibitor; hepatocellular carcinoma; reovirus.

MeSH terms

  • Benzamides / pharmacology*
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / drug therapy*
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / genetics
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / virology
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Dioxoles / pharmacology*
  • Epoxy Compounds
  • Humans
  • Liver Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Liver Neoplasms / genetics
  • Liver Neoplasms / pathology
  • Liver Neoplasms / virology
  • Orthoreovirus, Mammalian / drug effects
  • Orthoreovirus, Mammalian / genetics
  • Pyrazoles / pharmacology
  • Quinolines / pharmacology
  • RNA, Double-Stranded / genetics
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / genetics*
  • Tyrosine / analogs & derivatives
  • Tyrosine / genetics

Substances

  • 4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide
  • Benzamides
  • Dioxoles
  • Epoxy Compounds
  • Pyrazoles
  • Quinolines
  • RNA, Double-Stranded
  • TGFB1 protein, human
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta1
  • cathestatin B
  • Tyrosine
  • LY-2157299