Don't Bother Trying, They Won't Do It! Effect of Responsive Behaviors on the Montessori Assessment System

Clin Gerontol. 2022 Jul-Sep;45(4):870-877. doi: 10.1080/07317115.2021.1924333. Epub 2021 May 11.

Abstract

Objectives: The Montessori Assessment System (MAS) is an assessment tool that aims at assessing preserved abilities in persons with moderate to severe dementia and to serve as basis for person-centered interventions. As responsive behaviors are highly frequent in this population, we assessed their possible influence on the MAS administration and results.

Methods: 193 persons with a diagnosis of dementia in the moderate to severe stages living in nursing homes completed the MAS. Responsive behaviors were assessed by the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI).

Results: The NPI scores were heterogeneous, but responsive behaviors were present for at least 5 NPI domains in more than 50% of the participants. While NPI scores had weak relationships with MAS completion time and total score, primarily for the hallucinations, euphoria, and aberrant motor behaviors domains, a large majority of the participants fully completed the MAS.

Conclusions: The presence of responsive behaviors as assessed by the NPI does not limit MAS administration, despite minor influence on MAS score and completion time.

Clinical implications: The MAS may be applied to persons with moderate to severe dementia presenting responsive behaviors. Assessment of preserved abilities can greatly improve the design of person-centered care plans in this population.

Keywords: Long-term care; Montessori assessment system; neuropsychiatric inventory; person-centered care; responsive behaviors; severe dementia.

MeSH terms

  • Dementia* / psychology
  • Hallucinations
  • Humans
  • Nursing Homes