[Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the care situation in psychiatric hospitals in Germany]
- PMID: 34003321
- PMCID: PMC8128978
- DOI: 10.1007/s00115-021-01129-6
[Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the care situation in psychiatric hospitals in Germany]
Abstract
Aim: To assess the structural performance of psychiatric hospitals in Germany during the COVID(coronavirus disease)-19 pandemic, a nationwide survey was launched in March 2020, in which the corona-related changes in care structures during the first wave of the pandemic were collated.
Methods: Data on the care situation were collected by means of a survey in 38 out of 388 contacted psychiatric and psychotherapy hospitals in Germany over the course of 1 month. The changes and adaptations of the care structures, the type of therapy measures applied and care options for people with mental disorders and a COVID-19 infection as well as the legal basis underlying the care for patients unable to consent were documented.
Results: On average, the inpatient treatment capacity of psychiatric hospitals in Germany decreased by approximately 40% compared with prepandemic periods. Day clinic and outpatient services were also only available in a limited form or were even discontinued completely. Specialized wards for patients with COVID-19 infections were available in most of the surveyed clinics (84%).
Conclusion: Psychiatric hospitals were already able to respond quickly and adequately to the crisis situation in the first wave of the pandemic, e.g. by setting up COVID wards; however, the reduction in treatment capacity to 60% has significantly worsened the care situation for people with mental illnesses. Therefore, further efforts should urgently be made to adapt mental health care to the requirements of the pandemic in the long term.
Zusammenfassung: ZIEL: Um die strukturelle Leistungsfähigkeit psychiatrischer Kliniken in Deutschland während der COVID(„coronavirus disease“)-19-Pandemie beurteilen zu können, wurde im März 2020 eine Umfrage durchgeführt, in der die Corona-bedingten Veränderungen der Versorgungstrukturen während der ersten Welle der Pandemie erfasst wurden.
Methode: Zur Erfassung der Versorgungssituation wurden mittels Umfrage Daten in 38 von 388 angeschrieben Kliniken für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie in Deutschland im Verlauf eines Monats erhoben. Dokumentiert wurden die Veränderungen und Anpassungen der Versorgungsstrukturen, die Art der angewendeten Therapiemaßnahmen und Versorgungsmöglichkeiten für Menschen mit psychischen Störungen und einer COVID-19-Infektion sowie die der Versorgung zugrunde liegende Rechtsgrundlage bei nichteinwilligungsfähigen Patient*innen.
Ergebnisse: Im Durchschnitt verringerte sich die stationäre Behandlungskapazität psychiatrischer Kliniken in Deutschland etwa um 40 % im Vergleich zu Zeiten vor der Pandemie. Auch die tagesklinischen und ambulanten Angebote der Kliniken waren nur noch in eingeschränkter Form vorgehalten oder wurden sogar komplett eingestellt. In den meisten befragten Einrichtungen (84 %) standen Spezialbereiche für COVID-19-infizierte Patient*innen zur Verfügung.
Schlussfolgerung: Psychiatrische Kliniken waren bereits in der ersten Welle der Pandemie in der Lage, schnell und adäquat auf die Krisensituation z. B. durch Einrichtung von COVID-Stationen zu reagieren. Durch die Reduzierung der Behandlungskapazitäten auf 60 % hat sich jedoch die Versorgungssituation für Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen deutlich verschlechtert. Deshalb sollten dringend weitere Anstrengungen unternommen werden, um die Versorgung im Bereich der psychischen Gesundheit langfristig an die Anforderungen der Pandemie anzupassen.
Keywords: Care structures; Psychiatry; Survey; Therapy measures; Treatment capacity.
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