Is it the coracobrachialis superior muscle, or is it an unidentified rare variant of coracobrachialis muscle?

Abstract

The coracobrachialis muscle (CBM) originates from the apex of the coracoid process, in common with the short head of the biceps brachii muscle, and from the intermuscular septum. The CBM demonstrates variability in both the proximal and distal attachment, with some extremely rare varieties, such as the coracobrachialis superior, coracobrachialis longus and coracocapsularis muscle. This case report describes an extremely rare variant of the coracobrachialis superior muscle, or a very rare variant of the CBM. Our findings highlight the importance of muscle variants in the shoulder region, especially the coracoid region, and are significant for radiologists, anatomists, physiotherapists and surgeons specializing in the shoulder joint.

Keywords: Anatomical variations; Coracobrachialis brevis; Coracobrachialis longus; Coracobrachialis muscle; Coracobrachialis superior.