Sharma's parachute sign a new laparoscopic sign in abdomino pelvic tuberculosis

Indian J Tuberc. 2021 Jul;68(3):389-395. doi: 10.1016/j.ijtb.2019.06.004. Epub 2019 Aug 9.

Abstract

Aims: To demonstrate a new laparoscopic sign "Sharma's Parachute sign" in abdominopelvic tuberculosis in women with infertility.

Methods: A total of 104 women who were diagnosed to have abdominopelvic tuberculosis, on endometrial sampling or on laparoscopy were enrolled in this ongoing study on tuberculosis in infertility. A new laparoscopic "Sharma's parachute sign" was looked for in these cases on laparoscopy.

Results: The mean age, pairty and duration of infertility was 27.6 years, 0.58 and 4.1 years respectively. Menstrual dysfuction were common especially hypomenorrhoea (34.61%), oligomenorrhoea (36.53%) along with constitutional symptoms and abdomino pelvic pain or lump. Diagnosis of abdominopelvic tuberculosis was made by identification of acid fast bacilli (AFB) on microscopy or culture of endometrial aspirate or peritoneal biopsy or positive gene Xpert or positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or histopathological demonstration of epithelioid granuloma on endometrial or peritoneal biopsy, various laparoscopic findings on pelvic and abdominal organs were tubercles and shaggy areas (white deposits, caseous nodules encysted ascites, abdominal and pelvic adhesions, tubal findings (hydrosalpinx, pyosalpinx, beaded or calcified tubes). A new "Sharma's parachute sign"in which ascending colon was totally adherent to anterior abdominal wall with its mesocolon looking like an open parachute with small caseous nodule was seen in 11 (10.5%) cases.

Conclusion: Diagnostic laparoscopy is an important investigation for abdominopelvic tuberculosis showing various adhesions including new parachute sign.

Keywords: Abdomino-pelvic tuberculosis; Infertility; Laparoscopy; Parachute sign; Pelvic adhesions.

MeSH terms

  • Abdominal Cavity / microbiology
  • Abdominal Pain / diagnosis
  • Abdominal Pain / etiology
  • Adult
  • Biopsy / methods*
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Endometrium* / microbiology
  • Endometrium* / pathology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infertility, Female / diagnosis
  • Infertility, Female / etiology
  • Laparoscopy / methods*
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis / isolation & purification*
  • Oligomenorrhea / diagnosis
  • Oligomenorrhea / etiology
  • Pelvic Pain / diagnosis
  • Pelvic Pain / etiology
  • Peritoneal Cavity / microbiology
  • Tissue Adhesions / diagnostic imaging*
  • Tuberculosis, Female Genital* / complications
  • Tuberculosis, Female Genital* / diagnostic imaging
  • Tuberculosis, Female Genital* / physiopathology