A case report of malignant hyperthermia in a patient with myotonic dystrophy type I: A CARE-compliant article

Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 Jun 11;100(23):e25859. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000025859.

Abstract

Rationale: Several hereditary myopathies that can predispose to malignant hyperthermia (MH) are reported. However, the risk of MH in myotonic dystrophy type I (DM1) has been suggested equal to general population, although the evidence is limited to only a few case reports.

Patient concerns: We encountered a rare case of MH during anesthesia induction with sevoflurane in a male adolescent with previously undiagnosed DM1.

Diagnoses: After the event, genetic testing revealed the presence of a previously unknown heterozygous missense mutation in ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1) associated with MH (c.6898T > C; p.ser2300Pro). Concomitantly, the patient was diagnosed with DM1 with abnormal cytosine-thymine-guanine triplet expansion in the DMPK gene.

Interventions: Dantrolene was administered to treat the hypermetabolic manifestations in 20 minutes after the identification of MH.

Outcomes: The patient was successfully treated and discharged without any complications. Laboratory abnormalities were recovered to baseline at postoperative 4 days.

Lessons: The authors suggest that possible MH susceptibility in DM1 patients may be refocused. Genetic testing can be a screening tool for MH susceptibility in these population, prior to receiving general anesthesia.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Anesthesia, General* / adverse effects
  • Anesthesia, General* / methods
  • Dantrolene / administration & dosage
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease
  • Genetic Testing
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Malignant Hyperthermia* / diagnosis
  • Malignant Hyperthermia* / etiology
  • Malignant Hyperthermia* / therapy
  • Muscle Relaxants, Central / administration & dosage*
  • Myotonic Dystrophy* / diagnosis
  • Myotonic Dystrophy* / genetics
  • Myotonic Dystrophy* / physiopathology
  • Myotonin-Protein Kinase / genetics*
  • Patient Care Management / methods
  • Torticollis / diagnosis
  • Torticollis / surgery
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion

Substances

  • DMPK protein, human
  • Muscle Relaxants, Central
  • Myotonin-Protein Kinase
  • Dantrolene