Selecting Elements for a Cardiac Enhanced Recovery Protocol

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine & Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
• ² Intensive Care Cardiac Surgery, St. Boniface General Hospital, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
• ³ Baylor College of Medicine, St. Lukes Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX.
• ⁴ Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine & Armstrong Institute for Patient Safety and Quality, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD.
• ⁵ Regional CVT Quality, Education, and Research, Atrium Health. Charlotte, NC.
• ⁶ Clinical and Quality Outcomes, Providence Anesthesiology Associates, Charlotte.
• ⁷ Centennial Heart & Vascular Center, Nashville, TN.
• ⁸ UM Saint Joseph Medical Center, Towson, MD.
• ⁹ University of Massachusetts-Baystate, Heart, Vascular and Critical Care Units, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, MA.