Acinetobacter baylyi regulates type IV pilus synthesis by employing two extension motors and a motor protein inhibitor

Nat Commun. 2021 Jun 18;12(1):3744. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-24124-6.

Abstract

Bacteria use extracellular appendages called type IV pili (T4P) for diverse behaviors including DNA uptake, surface sensing, virulence, protein secretion, and twitching motility. Dynamic extension and retraction of T4P is essential for their function, and T4P extension is thought to occur through the action of a single, highly conserved motor, PilB. Here, we develop Acinetobacter baylyi as a model to study T4P by employing a recently developed pilus labeling method. By contrast to previous studies of other bacterial species, we find that T4P synthesis in A. baylyi is dependent not only on PilB but also on an additional, phylogenetically distinct motor, TfpB. Furthermore, we identify a protein (CpiA) that inhibits T4P extension by specifically binding and inhibiting PilB but not TfpB. These results expand our understanding of T4P regulation and highlight how inhibitors might be exploited to disrupt T4P synthesis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Acinetobacter / genetics
  • Acinetobacter / metabolism*
  • Biological Transport / physiology
  • Fimbriae Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Fimbriae Proteins / genetics
  • Fimbriae Proteins / metabolism*
  • Fimbriae, Bacterial / physiology*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / genetics
  • Molecular Motor Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Molecular Motor Proteins / genetics
  • Molecular Motor Proteins / metabolism*
  • Virulence

Substances

  • Molecular Motor Proteins
  • Fimbriae Proteins

Supplementary concepts

  • Acinetobacter baylyi