Comparison of self-reported symptoms and psychophysical tests in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) subjects experiencing long-term olfactory dysfunction: a 6-month follow-up study

doi:10.1002/alr.22828

. 2021 Nov;11(11):1592-1595.

doi: 10.1002/alr.22828. Epub 2021 Jun 20.

Comparison of self-reported symptoms and psychophysical tests in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) subjects experiencing long-term olfactory dysfunction: a 6-month follow-up study

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neurosciences, Otolaryngology Section, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
² Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
³ Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Royal National ENT & Eastman Dental Hospitals, London, UK.
⁴ Ear Institute, University College London, London, UK.
⁵ Unit of Infectious Disease University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy.
⁶ Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
⁷ Department of Mathematics "Tullio Levi-Civita,", University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
⁸ Department of Neurosciences, Neurology Section, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.

PMID: 34148294
PMCID: PMC8426864
DOI: 10.1002/alr.22828

Free PMC article

Comparison of self-reported symptoms and psychophysical tests in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) subjects experiencing long-term olfactory dysfunction: a 6-month follow-up study

Anna Bordin et al. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2021 Nov.

Free PMC article

. 2021 Nov;11(11):1592-1595.

doi: 10.1002/alr.22828. Epub 2021 Jun 20.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neurosciences, Otolaryngology Section, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
² Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
³ Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Royal National ENT & Eastman Dental Hospitals, London, UK.
⁴ Ear Institute, University College London, London, UK.
⁵ Unit of Infectious Disease University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy.
⁶ Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
⁷ Department of Mathematics "Tullio Levi-Civita,", University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
⁸ Department of Neurosciences, Neurology Section, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.

PMID: 34148294
PMCID: PMC8426864
DOI: 10.1002/alr.22828

No abstract available

Keywords: COVID-19; chemosensation; follow-up; hyposmia; olfaction; olfactory disorders; olfactory test; psychophysical test.

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Conflict of interest statement

None of the authors have any conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.

Figures

**FIGURE 1**
Box‐plots showing the distributions of the differences between patients’ scores (TDI) and the normosmic minimum score (10th percentile of the distribution of the scores for normosmic) at T1 and T2. The numbers indicate the proportion (decimals) of subjects with normal scores (above the dotted line) and with pathological scores (below the dotted line). Dotted line: Normosmic minimum score. Abbreviations: S'S: Sniffin’ Sticks; T1: first psychophysical olfactory test; T2: second psychophysical olfactory test. TDI, threshold, discrimination, and identification.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

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References

1. Marchese‐Ragona R, Restivo DA, De Corso E, et al. Loss of smell in COVID‐19 patients: a critical review with emphasis on the use of olfactory tests. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2020;40:241‐247. - PMC - PubMed
1. Saniasiaya J, Islam MA, Abdullah B. Prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19): a meta‐analysis of 27,492 patients. Laryngoscope. 2021;131:865‐878. - PMC - PubMed
1. Ta NH, Gao J, Philpott C. A systematic review to examine the relationship between objective and patient‐reported outcome measures in sinonasal disorders: recommendations for use in research and clinical practice. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2021;11:910‐923. - PMC - PubMed
1. Ottaviano G, Carecchio M, Scarpa B, Marchese‐Ragona R. Olfactory and rhinological evaluations in SARS‐CoV‐2 patients complaining of olfactory loss. Rhinology. 2020;58:400‐401. - PubMed
1. Ottaviano G, Cantone E, D'Errico A, et al. Sniffin' Sticks and olfactory system imaging in patients with Kallmann syndrome. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2015;5:855‐861. - PubMed

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[1] Marchese‐Ragona R, Restivo DA, De Corso E, et al. Loss of smell in COVID‐19 patients: a critical review with emphasis on the use of olfactory tests. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2020;40:241‐247. - PMC - PubMed

[2] Marchese‐Ragona R, Restivo DA, De Corso E, et al. Loss of smell in COVID‐19 patients: a critical review with emphasis on the use of olfactory tests. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2020;40:241‐247. - PMC - PubMed

[3] Saniasiaya J, Islam MA, Abdullah B. Prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19): a meta‐analysis of 27,492 patients. Laryngoscope. 2021;131:865‐878. - PMC - PubMed

[4] Saniasiaya J, Islam MA, Abdullah B. Prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19): a meta‐analysis of 27,492 patients. Laryngoscope. 2021;131:865‐878. - PMC - PubMed

[5] Ta NH, Gao J, Philpott C. A systematic review to examine the relationship between objective and patient‐reported outcome measures in sinonasal disorders: recommendations for use in research and clinical practice. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2021;11:910‐923. - PMC - PubMed

[6] Ta NH, Gao J, Philpott C. A systematic review to examine the relationship between objective and patient‐reported outcome measures in sinonasal disorders: recommendations for use in research and clinical practice. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2021;11:910‐923. - PMC - PubMed

[7] Ottaviano G, Carecchio M, Scarpa B, Marchese‐Ragona R. Olfactory and rhinological evaluations in SARS‐CoV‐2 patients complaining of olfactory loss. Rhinology. 2020;58:400‐401. - PubMed

[8] Ottaviano G, Carecchio M, Scarpa B, Marchese‐Ragona R. Olfactory and rhinological evaluations in SARS‐CoV‐2 patients complaining of olfactory loss. Rhinology. 2020;58:400‐401. - PubMed

[9] Ottaviano G, Cantone E, D'Errico A, et al. Sniffin' Sticks and olfactory system imaging in patients with Kallmann syndrome. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2015;5:855‐861. - PubMed

[10] Ottaviano G, Cantone E, D'Errico A, et al. Sniffin' Sticks and olfactory system imaging in patients with Kallmann syndrome. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2015;5:855‐861. - PubMed

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Comparison of self-reported symptoms and psychophysical tests in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) subjects experiencing long-term olfactory dysfunction: a 6-month follow-up study

Affiliations

Comparison of self-reported symptoms and psychophysical tests in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) subjects experiencing long-term olfactory dysfunction: a 6-month follow-up study

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