The substantial burden of colorectal cancer and its increasing trend in young adults highlight the importance of dietary and lifestyle modifications for improved cancer prevention and survivorship. In this chapter, we review the cutting-edge evidence for the interplay between diet/lifestyle and the gut microbiota in the incidence and prognosis of colorectal cancer. We focus on factors for which there are data supporting their importance for the gut microbiota and colorectal cancer, including excess body weight, fiber, red and processed meat, and coffee. We discuss the potential precision nutrition approaches for modifying and exploiting the gut microbiota for improved cancer prevention and survivorship.
Keywords: Colorectal cancer; Diet; Microbiome; Precision nutrition; Survivorship.
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