The Structure-Based Design of SARS-CoV-2 nsp14 Methyltransferase Ligands Yields Nanomolar Inhibitors

ACS Infect Dis. 2021 Aug 13;7(8):2214-2220. doi: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00131. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

Abstract

In this study, we have focused on the structure-based design of the inhibitors of one of the two SARS-CoV-2 methyltransferases (MTases), nsp14. This MTase catalyzes the transfer of the methyl group from S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM) to cap the guanosine triphosphate moiety of the newly synthesized viral RNA, yielding the methylated capped RNA and S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine (SAH). As the crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 nsp14 is unknown, we have taken advantage of its high homology to SARS-CoV nsp14 and prepared its homology model, which has allowed us to identify novel SAH derivatives modified at the adenine nucleobase as inhibitors of this important viral target. We have synthesized and tested the designed compounds in vitro and shown that these derivatives exert unprecedented inhibitory activity against this crucial enzyme. The docking studies nicely explain the contribution of an aromatic part attached by a linker to the position 7 of the 7-deaza analogues of SAH.

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; inhibitors; methyltransferase; nsp14 nsp10; structure-based design.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • COVID-19*
  • Exoribonucleases
  • Humans
  • Ligands
  • Methyltransferases* / genetics
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Viral Nonstructural Proteins

Substances

  • Ligands
  • Viral Nonstructural Proteins
  • Methyltransferases
  • Exoribonucleases