Beyond animal models: implementing the 3Rs principles and improving pharmacological studies with new model systems

Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2021 Aug;17(8):867-868. doi: 10.1080/17425255.2021.1948731. Epub 2021 Jun 30.
No abstract available

Keywords: 3Rs principles; chick chorioallantoic membrane; organotypic slices; pharmacology; toxicodynamics.

Publication types

  • Introductory Journal Article

MeSH terms

  • Animal Testing Alternatives*
  • Animals
  • Humans
  • Models, Biological*
  • Pharmacology