Neutropenia in adult acute myeloid leukemia patients represents a powerful risk factor for COVID-19 related mortality

Leuk Lymphoma. 2021 Aug;62(8):1940-1948. doi: 10.1080/10428194.2021.1885664. Epub 2021 Jun 28.

Abstract

Patients with hematological malignancies are at risk for poor outcomes when diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It remains unclear whether cytopenias and specific leukemia subtypes play a role in the clinical course of COVID-19 infection. Here, we report outcomes and their clinical/laboratory predictors for 65 patients with acute and chronic leukemias diagnosed with COVID-19 between 8 March 2020 and 19 May 2020 at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York City. Most patients had CLL (38%) or AML (26%). A total of 14 (22%) patients required high flow nasal cannula or were intubated for mechanical ventilation and 11 patients (17%) died. A diagnosis of AML (OR 4.7, p=.028), active treatment within the last 3 months (OR 5.22, p=.047), neutropenia within seven days prior and up to 28 days after SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis (11.75, p=.001) and ≥3 comorbidities (OR 6.55, p=.019) were associated with increased odds of death.

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; leukemia.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • COVID-19 Testing
  • COVID-19*
  • Humans
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute* / complications
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute* / epidemiology
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute* / therapy
  • Neutropenia* / epidemiology
  • Neutropenia* / etiology
  • Risk Factors
  • SARS-CoV-2