Strategies for mitochondrial gene editing

Xingbo Yang; Jiacheng Jiang; Zongyu Li; Jiayi Liang; Yaozu Xiang

doi:10.1016/j.csbj.2021.06.003

Strategies for mitochondrial gene editing

Comput Struct Biotechnol J. 2021 Jun 4:19:3319-3329. doi: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.06.003. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Xingbo Yang¹, Jiacheng Jiang¹, Zongyu Li¹, Jiayi Liang², Yaozu Xiang^{1

3}

Affiliations

¹ School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
² School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom.
³ Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.

Abstract

Mitochondria, as the energy factory of cells, participate in metabolism processes and play a critical role in the maintenance of human life activities. Mitochondria belong to semi-automatic organelles, which have their own genome different from nuclear genome. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations can cause a series of diseases and threaten human health. However, an effective approach to edit mitochondrial DNA, though long-desired, is lacking. In recent years, gene editing technologies, represented by restriction endonucleases (RE) technology, zinc finger nuclease (ZFN) technology, transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN) technology, CRISPR system and pAgo-based system have been comprehensively explored, but the application of these technologies in mitochondrial gene editing is still to be explored and optimized. The present study highlights the progress and limitations of current mitochondrial gene editing technologies and approaches, and provides insights for development of novel strategies for future attempts.

Keywords: Gene editing; Mitochondria; mtDNA.

Publication types

Review