Outcome of 10 years of ear and hearing screening in people with intellectual disability in Europe: A multicentre study

Abstract

Background: Undetected ear and hearing problems negatively impact the quality of life of people with intellectual disability.

Methods: This multicentre retrospective study describes the outcome of 10 years of ear and hearing screening in athletes with intellectual disability in seven European countries. The screening was conducted by a trained team using a strictly standardised protocol.

Results: Of 15,363 screened athletes with intellectual disability, more than half (58.7%) needed referral for ear and/or hearing problems, ranging from 51.7% (<20 years old) to 81.4% (≥60 years old). The most commonly detected conditions were excessive/impacted earwax (40.3%), middle ear problems (30.1%) and hearing loss (27.0%), with significant differences between age groups and countries.

Discussion: This study demonstrates an increased risk of ear and hearing problems in people with intellectual disability as compared to the general population. Considering the unawareness and impact of these problems, it is highly recommended to organise systematic screening. Follow-up for diagnostic elaboration, therapeutic management and long-term guidance should be provided.

Keywords: Europe; Special Olympics; hearing loss; hearing screening; intellectual disability.