New Scoring System for Predicting the Risk of Surgical Site Infections Following Stoma Reversal

J Surg Res. 2021 Nov:267:350-357. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.05.041. Epub 2021 Jun 28.

Abstract

Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) are one of the most frequent complications following stoma reversal (SR-SSI) and lead to multiple problems such as decreased mobility of the patients or increased hospital costs. Several risk factors for SR-SSI have been reported, but there are no risk scoring systems for predicting SR-SSI. The current study aimed to analyze the risk factors for SR-SSI and develop a scoring system.

Materials and methods: Multivariate analysis of risk factors for SR-SSI was performed in patients who underwent elective SR and were followed-up during the first month after surgery. A logistic regression model was used to identify risk factors and construct a predictive score.

Results: Of the 182 patients, 53 (29.1%) developed SSI. In multivariate analysis, three variables as preoperative risk factors were associated with increased SR-SSI incidence: subcutaneous fat thickness (≥ 20 mm) (odds ratio [OR]: 8.46 [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.45-20.7], P <0.001), period from stoma creation (≤ 20 weeks) (OR: 2.88 [95% CI: 1.14-7.28], P = 0.025), and SSI after the primary operation (OR: 3.06 [95% CI: 1.19-7.90], P = 0.021). Each of these variables contributed 2,1, and 1 points to the risk score, respectively. The SR-SSI rate was 2.9%, 20.3%, 34.2%, 54.5%, and 81.8% for the scores of 0,1,2,3, and 4 points, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.773 (95% CI: 0.703-0.844).

Conclusions: A simple clinical scoring system based on three preoperative variables may be useful in predicting the risk of SR-SSI.

Keywords: Risk factor; Scoring system; Stoma reversal; Surgical site infection.

MeSH terms

  • Elective Surgical Procedures / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Odds Ratio
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Surgical Stomas* / adverse effects
  • Surgical Wound Infection* / diagnosis
  • Surgical Wound Infection* / epidemiology
  • Surgical Wound Infection* / etiology