Minimally Invasive Versus Open Ivor-Lewis Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer or Cancer of the Gastroesophageal Junction: Comparison of Postoperative Outcomes and Long-term Survival Using Propensity Score Matching Analysis

Anticancer Res. 2021 Jul;41(7):3499-3510. doi: 10.21873/anticanres.15137.

Abstract

Background/aim: Esophagectomy is crucial for achieving long-term survival in patients with esophageal cancer, while being associated with a significant risk of complications. Aiming to reduce invasiveness and morbidity, total minimal-invasive esophagectomy (MIE) has been gradually implemented worldwide. The aim of the study was to compare MIE to open Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy (OE) for esophageal cancer or cancer of the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ), in terms of postoperative and oncological outcomes.

Patients and methods: Clinicopathological data of patients undergoing oncologic transthoracic esophagectomy (Ivor Lewis procedure) between 2010 and 2019 were assessed. Postoperative outcomes and long-term survival of patients undergoing OE were compared to those after MIE using 1:1 propensity score matching.

Results: After excluding hybrid and robotic procedures, 90 patients who underwent MIE were compared with a matched cohort of 90 patients who underwent OE. MIE was associated with lower major postoperative morbidity (31% vs. 46%, p=0.046) and lower 90-day mortality (2% vs. 12%, p=0.010) compared to OE. MIE showed non-inferior 3-year overall (65% vs. 52%, p=0.019) and comparable disease-free survival rates (49% vs. 51%, p=0.851) in comparison to OE.

Conclusion: Our data suggest that MIE should be preferably performed in patients with esophageal cancer or cancer of the GEJ.

Keywords: Esophageal cancer; cancer of the gastroesophageal junction; minimal-invasive esophagectomy.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / surgery
  • Cohort Studies
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / pathology
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Esophagectomy / methods*
  • Esophagogastric Junction / pathology
  • Esophagogastric Junction / surgery*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Laparoscopy / methods
  • Length of Stay
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / methods*
  • Postoperative Complications / prevention & control
  • Propensity Score
  • Thoracoscopy / methods
  • Treatment Outcome