Ultrasound of Thyroid Nodules and the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System

Abstract

Benign or malignant thyroid nodules are common in adults. Fine needle aspiration biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosis. Most thyroid nodules are benign. Ultrasound imaging is the optimal noninvasive imaging modality to determine which nodules demonstrate malignant features. The American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System committee published a standardized approach to classifying nodules on ultrasound. The ultrasound features in this system are categorized as benign, minimally suspicious, moderately suspicious, or highly suspicious for malignancy. Applying the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System results in a meaningful decrease in the number of thyroid nodules biopsied.

Keywords: Radiology; TIRADS; Thyroid; Thyroid cancer; Thyroid imaging; Thyroid nodules; Ultrasound.