Effects of multimodal prehabilitation on muscle size, myosteatosis, and dietary intake of surgical patients with lung cancer - a randomized feasibility study

Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2021 Nov;46(11):1407-1416. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2021-0249. Epub 2021 Jul 15.

Abstract

Many patients with lung cancer undergo surgery, which can increase the risk for muscle loss, leading to worsened outcomes. A multimodal prehabilitation intervention integrating dietary and muscle assessment may help clinicians better understand changes in these outcomes. This pilot assessed feasibility of multimodal prehabilitation in early-stage surgical lung cancer patients and explored relationships between body composition, muscle characteristics and dietary intake, as well as muscle changes due to prehabilitation. Patients were randomized to 1 of 2 groups: multimodal prehabilitation including nutritional supplements (fish oil with vitamin D3 + whey protein with leucine), exercise and relaxation, or standard of care. Physical function, dietary intake and muscle were evaluated at 0 and 4 weeks pre-operatively. Of 87 patients assessed for eligibility, 34 (39%) were randomized and 3 (9%) were lost to follow-up. Median age was 69 years and baseline protein intake was 1.0 g/kg/day. Adherence to exercise (86%) and supplements was high (93%); 3 patients (16%) reported side effects. Supplements significantly increased protein, omega-3 fatty acid, leucine and vitamin D intake. There were no significant changes in muscle characteristics. Multimodal prehabilitation with dietary and muscle analyses proved to be feasible. An adequately powered randomized controlled trial is warranted. ClinicalTrials.gov registration no: NCT04610606. Novelty: Multimodal prehabilitation incorporating dietary assessment and muscle analysis is feasible for early-stage surgical lung cancer patients. An adequately powered randomized controlled trial is warranted to further explore functional and post-operative outcomes.

Keywords: imagerie musculaire; muscle imaging; nutrition and exercise; nutrition et exercice; pre-operative; prehabilitation; préadaptation; préopératoire.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adipose Tissue / metabolism*
  • Aged
  • Dietary Supplements*
  • Feasibility Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Length of Stay
  • Lung Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Muscle, Skeletal / anatomy & histology*
  • Muscle, Skeletal / diagnostic imaging
  • Muscle, Skeletal / metabolism*
  • Nutritional Status*
  • Patient Compliance
  • Physical Conditioning, Human / methods
  • Pilot Projects
  • Postoperative Complications
  • Preoperative Exercise*
  • Relaxation Therapy
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04610606