The effect of vitamin D supplementation on flow-mediated dilatation, oxidized LDL and intracellular adhesion molecule 1 on type 2 diabetic patients with hypertension: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial

Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2021 Jul-Aug;15(4):102200. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.102200. Epub 2021 Jul 5.

Abstract

Aims: Current study aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), oxidized LDL (oxLDL) and intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1) in type 2 diabetic patients with hypertension.

Methods: In a double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, 44 patients were randomly divided into vitamin D group (2000 IU/d, n = 23) and placebo group (control, n = 21) for 12 weeks. Vascular function with FMD, Serum 25-OH vitamin D, oxLDL and ICAM1 were assessed at the baseline and after the intervention. This clinical trial was registered at Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20191223045861N1).

Results: In intervention group serum level of vitamin D increased from 32.42 ± 10.56 to 40.45 ± 12.94 (p < 0.001). In the vitamin D group, oxLDL and ICAM1 significantly decreased and FMD increased significantly in both groups (p < 0.001). The level of oxLDL (p = 0.017) and ICAM1 (p < 0.001) were significantly lower in the vitamin D group than the placebo group and FMD (p < 0.001) was significantly higher in the vitamin D group.

Conclusions: Vitamin D supplementation of 2000 IU/d for 12 weeks can improve endothelial function and decrease ICAM1 and oxLDL in type 2 diabetic patients with hypertension.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Flow-mediated dilatation; Hypertension; Intracellular adhesion molecule 1; Oxidized LDL; Vitamin D.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / complications
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / drug therapy*
  • Dietary Supplements*
  • Dilatation
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / complications
  • Hypertension / drug therapy*
  • Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / blood*
  • Iran
  • Lipoproteins, LDL / blood*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Vitamin D / administration & dosage*

Substances

  • ICAM1 protein, human
  • Lipoproteins, LDL
  • oxidized low density lipoprotein
  • Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1
  • Vitamin D