Tension pneumothorax is a life-threatening condition that can develop when either the visceral pleura is disrupted, or with injury to the tracheobronchial tree. Rapid, accurate diagnosis and appropriate management are required to prevent significant atelectasis, hypoxia, circulatory arrest, and ultimate patient demise. Needle decompression is the current standard of care for the management of tension pneumothorax. Healthcare providers struggle to assess the success of decompression due to a lack of any immediate objective feedback. The gaseous composition of tension pneumothorax is similar to that of end respiratory gas. This includes an increased partial pressure of carbon dioxide in comparison to atmospheric air, which makes colorimetric capnography an ideal confirmatory test. This colorimetric capnography device may help the healthcare providers to make an objective and accurate assessment of the success of the needle decompression, in particular in prehospital environments.
Keywords: Capnography; Decompression; Tension pneumothorax; Thoracostomy.
© 2021. The Japanese Association for Thoracic Surgery.