Association of calcium channel blocker use with clinical outcome of COVID-19: A meta-analysis

Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2021 Sep-Oct;15(5):102210. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.102210. Epub 2021 Jul 16.

Abstract

Aims: This meta-analysis aims to analyze the association of calcium channel blocker (CCB) use with COVID-19 clinical outcomes.

Methods: PubMed, ProQuest, Science Direct, Scopus, and medRxiv databases were searched systematically in a limited period. The primary outcome was mortality.

Results: A total of 119,298 patients from 31 eligible studies were included. Pooled analysis of the random-effect model revealed CCB was not associated with reduced mortality (OR = 1.21 [95%CI: 0.98-1.49], p = 0.08). Interestingly, subgroup analysis in hypertensive patients revealed significantly reduced mortality (OR = 0.69 [95%CI: 0.52-0.91], p = 0.009).

Conclusion: CCB usage was not associated with the outcome of COVID-19. However, CCB was associated with a decreased mortality rate in hypertensive COVID-19 patients.

Keywords: COVID-19; Calcium channel blocker; Hypertension; Mortality; Severity.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists / therapeutic use
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • COVID-19 / diagnosis*
  • COVID-19 / mortality*
  • COVID-19 Drug Treatment
  • Calcium Channel Blockers / therapeutic use*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / diagnosis
  • Hypertension / drug therapy
  • Hypertension / mortality
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mortality
  • Prognosis
  • SARS-CoV-2 / drug effects
  • SARS-CoV-2 / physiology
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Virus Internalization / drug effects

Substances

  • Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Calcium Channel Blockers