Strategies for Trauma Centers to Address the Root Causes of Violence: Recommendations from the Improving Social Determinants to Attenuate Violence (ISAVE) Workgroup of the American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma

Affiliations

• ¹ Division of Trauma and Critical Care, University of California at Los Angeles Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA. Electronic address: RDicker@mednet.ucla.edu.
• ² American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma, Chicago, IL.
• ³ American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma, Chicago, IL; Division of Trauma, Burn, and Critical Care, University of Washington Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, WA.
• ⁴ American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma, Chicago, IL; Department of Surgery, University of Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX.
• ⁵ Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark.
• ⁶ Division of Acute Care and Trauma Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA.
• ⁷ Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.
• ⁸ Philadelphia Police Department, Philadelphia, PA.
• ⁹ The Health Alliance for Violence Intervention, Jersey City, NJ.
• ¹⁰ Department of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH.