ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Arteriviridae 2021

Abstract

The family Arteriviridae comprises enveloped RNA viruses with a linear, positive-sense genome of approximately 12.7 to 15.7 kb. The spherical, pleomorphic virions have a median diameter of 50-74 nm and include eight to eleven viral proteins. Arteriviruses infect non-human mammals in a vector-independent manner. Infections are often persistent and can either be asymptomatic or produce overt disease. Some arteriviruses are important veterinary pathogens while others infect particular species of wild rodents or African non-human primates. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Arteriviridae, which is available at ictv.global/report/arteriviridae.

Keywords: Arteriviridae; ICTV Report; taxonomy.

Fig. 1.

Arterivirus virion structure. C, cap.

Fig. 2.

Genome organization and replicase protein domains of equine arteritis virus. The pp1a-encoded nsp8 is not labeled. ZnF, Zn-finger; PLP1α, PLP1β, PLP1γ, and PLP2 are various papain-like proteases; TM1, TM2 and TM3, three transmembrane domains; TM1 includes a Cys/His-rich C-terminal domain; 3CLpro, 3C-like protease; NiRAN, nidovirus RdRp-associated nucleotidyltransferase; RdRp, RNA-directed RNA polymerase; ZBD, Zn-binding domain; HEL1, superfamily one helicase; NendoU, nidovirus uridylate-specific endonuclease; AsD, arterivirus-specific domain.