Serological Screening for Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in Dutch Shelter Cats

Viruses. 2021 Aug 18;13(8):1634. doi: 10.3390/v13081634.

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic raised concerns that companion animals might be infected with, and could become a reservoir of, SARS-CoV-2. As cats are popular pets and susceptible to Coronavirus, we investigated the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in shelter cats housed in Dutch animal shelters during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this large-scale cross-sectional study, serum samples of shelter cats were collected during the second wave of human COVID-19 infections in The Netherlands. Seroprevalence was determined by using an indirect protein-based ELISA validated for cats, and a Virus Neutralization Test (VNT) as confirmation. To screen for feline SARS-CoV-2 shedding, oropharyngeal and rectal swabs of cats positive for ELISA and/or VNT were analyzed using PCR tests. In 28 Dutch animal shelters, 240 shelter cats were convenience sampled. Two of these cats (0.8%; CI 95%: 0.1-3.0%) were seropositive, as evidenced by the presence of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies. The seropositive animals tested PCR negative for SARS-CoV-2. Based on the results of this study, it is unlikely that shelter cats could be a reservoir of SARS-CoV-2 or pose a (significant) risk to public health.

Keywords: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); animal shelter; neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 antibody; one health; serology; seroprevalence; shelter medicine; titer.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing / blood*
  • Antibodies, Viral / blood*
  • COVID-19 / epidemiology
  • COVID-19 / immunology
  • COVID-19 / veterinary*
  • COVID-19 Nucleic Acid Testing / veterinary
  • COVID-19 Serological Testing / veterinary
  • Cat Diseases / epidemiology*
  • Cat Diseases / immunology
  • Cats
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Housing, Animal
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Netherlands / epidemiology
  • SARS-CoV-2 / immunology*
  • SARS-CoV-2 / physiology
  • Seroepidemiologic Studies
  • Virus Shedding

Substances

  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • Antibodies, Viral