SARS-CoV-2 and the subsequent development of preeclampsia and preterm birth: evidence of a dose-response relationship supporting causality

Affiliations

• ¹ Fetal Medicine Research Institute, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
• ² Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI; Hutzel Women's Hospital, Detroit Medical Center, 3990 John R St., Detroit, MI 48201. Electronic address: prbchiefstaff@med.wayne.edu.
• ³ Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI.
• ⁴ Centre for Women's Health, Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
• ⁵ Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom.
• ⁶ Women's Services Department, St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
• ⁷ Department of Fetal Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College National Health Services Trust, London, United Kingdom.
• ⁸ Department of Fetal Medicine, Homerton University Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
• ⁹ Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
• ¹⁰ Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital Lewisham, London, United Kingdom.
• ¹¹ Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Northwick Park Hospital, London, United Kingdom.