Justifying quarantine in preventing the spread of COVID-19 in healthcare

Occup Med (Lond). 2021 Oct 1;71(6-7):250-254. doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqab077.

Abstract

Background: The first COVID-19-positive patient was identified in Ireland on 29 February 2020 (Department of Health, Government of Ireland; https://www.gov.ie/en/pressrelease/2f75fd-statement-from-the-national-public-healthemergency-team-sat-29-feb/). Healthcare worker (HCW) quarantining became a core intervention for those identified as 'close contacts' to reduce onward transmission within the workplace to patients and colleagues. Whether a quarantining strategy could be justified at a time when there was an increased demand for the services of HCWs remained unknown.

Aims: To establish whether quarantining staff away from a healthcare setting during a pandemic is justified.

Methods: This retrospective study examined close contacts of COVID-19-positive index cases (both residents and HCWs) in a community hospital over a 4-week period from 1 to 28 April 2020. Close contacts were identified in accordance with national guidelines. Zones of the hospital were examined to determine the number of COVID-positive index cases and their close contacts. A cumulative result for the hospital was recorded.

Results: While outcomes varied over time, per zone and per HCW category, the overall conversion rate from close contact to an index case was 30%.

Conclusions: This study vindicates the policy of quarantining close contact HCWs from their workplaces as they pose a significant threat to both their patients and fellow workers.

Keywords: COVID-19; Community hospital; healthcare workers; quarantine; workplace health and safety.

MeSH terms

  • COVID-19*
  • Delivery of Health Care
  • Health Personnel
  • Humans
  • Quarantine*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • SARS-CoV-2