Cytotoxic Effects of Coated Gold Nanoparticles on PC12 Cancer Cell

Hadi Zare Marzouni; Fazel Tarkhan; Amir Aidun; Kiana Shahzamani; Hamid Reza Jahan Tigh; Sareh Malekshahian; Hamed Esmaeil Lashgarian

doi:10.22086/gmj.v0i0.1110

Cytotoxic Effects of Coated Gold Nanoparticles on PC12 Cancer Cell

Galen Med J. 2018 Jul 13:7:e1110. doi: 10.22086/gmj.v0i0.1110. eCollection 2018.

Authors

Hadi Zare Marzouni¹, Fazel Tarkhan², Amir Aidun^{3

4}, Kiana Shahzamani⁵, Hamid Reza Jahan Tigh¹, Sareh Malekshahian⁶, Hamed Esmaeil Lashgarian⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Immunology, faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
² Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
³ National Cell Bank of Iran, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
⁴ Tissues and Biomaterials Research Group (TBRG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
⁵ Hepatitis research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Science , Khorramabad, Iran.
⁶ Department of biotechnology, Islamic Azad University, Urmia branch, Urmia, Iran.

Abstract

Background: The use of gold nanoparticles in medicine and especially in cancer treatment has been of interest to researchers. The effectiveness of this nanoparticle on cells significantly depends on the amount of its entry into the cells. This study was performed to compare the rate and mechanism of effect of gold nanoparticles coated with different amino acid on PC12 cancer cell line.

Materials and methods: The PC12 cells line were exposed to various concentrations of amino acid coated and uncoated gold nanoparticles (0.5, 2.5 and 5 μM). Cell death rate was determined according to level of Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release from cells and MTT assay. In addition cell morphology and the amount of Cellular Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were studied.

Results: The uncoated gold nanoparticles have shown minor effects on cellular life. Gold nanoparticles coated by tryptophan at high concentrations (2.5, 5 and 25μM) increase in cancer cells metabolic activity. Gold nanoparticles coated by Aspartate also produce the largest amount of LDH and ROS in cancer cells and therefore caused of highest rate of apoptosis.

Conclusion: The results showed that the nanoparticles coated with amino acids are affected on cellular metabolism and apoptosis more than uncoated nanoparticles. Also the smallest coated nanoparticles (coated by aspartate) have the most influence and by increasing the size, this effect was reduced.

Keywords: Apoptosis; Cancer; Gold Nanoparticle; LDH; ROS.