SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in infection and vaccination

Cell Mol Immunol. 2021 Oct;18(10):2307-2312. doi: 10.1038/s41423-021-00743-3. Epub 2021 Sep 1.

Abstract

During viral infections, antibodies and T cells act together to prevent pathogen spread and remove virus-infected cells. Virus-specific adaptive immunity can, however, also trigger pathological processes characterized by localized or systemic inflammatory events. The protective and/or pathological role of virus-specific T cells in SARS-CoV-2 infection has been the focus of many studies in COVID-19 patients and in vaccinated individuals. Here, we review the works that have elucidated the function of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in patients and in vaccinated individuals. Understanding whether SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells are more linked to protection or pathogenesis is pivotal to define future therapeutic and prophylactic strategies to manage the current pandemic.

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; T cells; Vaccines.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • COVID-19 / immunology*
  • COVID-19 / metabolism
  • COVID-19 / prevention & control
  • COVID-19 / virology
  • COVID-19 Vaccines / immunology*
  • Humans
  • SARS-CoV-2 / physiology*
  • Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus / metabolism
  • T-Lymphocytes / immunology*

Substances

  • COVID-19 Vaccines
  • Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus