In silico exploration of enzymes involved in sialic acid biosynthesis and their possible role in SARS-CoV-2 infection

J Oral Biosci. 2021 Dec;63(4):416-419. doi: 10.1016/j.job.2021.08.004. Epub 2021 Sep 8.

Abstract

Salivary glands are considered important targets of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Recent evidence suggests that along with angiotensin converting enzyme 2, certain cell surface sialic acids (Sia) may function as receptors for binding SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Over 50 forms of Sia have been identified in nature, with N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) being the most abundant. We explored the Human Protein Atlas repository to analyze important enzymes in Neu5Ac biosynthesis and propose a hypothesis that further highlights the significance of salivary glands in coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). This work may facilitate research into targeted drug therapies for COVID-19.

Keywords: COVID-19; Genotype expression; N-acetylneuraminic acid; Salivary diagnostics; Virus entry.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • COVID-19*
  • Humans
  • N-Acetylneuraminic Acid
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Sialic Acids
  • Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
  • Virus Attachment

Substances

  • Sialic Acids
  • Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
  • spike protein, SARS-CoV-2
  • N-Acetylneuraminic Acid