Background: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing on a global scale. Patients with CKD have a reduced quality of life and are more likely to develop significant cardiovascular disease, most commonly coronary artery disease (CAD). Left main coronary artery disease (LMCAD) is one of the most severe forms of CAD, where revascularization is needed. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of CKD on the mortality of patients after undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for the acute coronary syndrome (ACS) due to LMCAD.
Materials and methods: 210 Caucasian patients (142 male; 67.6%, mean age 69.2 ± 11.3 years) with ACS due to LMCAD who underwent primary PCI were included in this retrospective study. Basic demographic and laboratory data were recorded. Patients were divided into two groups by their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Those in the CKD group had eGFR ≤ 60 mL/min/1.73m2 (n = 82), and those in the non-CKD group had eGFR > 60 mL/min/1.73m2 (n = 128).
Results: The mean survival time of patients in the CKD group was 1,550 ± 1,393 days, compared to the non-CKD group of 2,149 ± 1,235 days. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a statistically significant (log-rank, p < 0.0005) difference in mortality for patients in the CKD group compared to those in the non-CKD group. Cox-regression analysis showed a correlation between CKD and mortality (B = 0.541, p = 0.036), independent of arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, total cholesterol, and triglycerides.
Conclusion: CKD is an independent risk factor for increased mortality after PCI due to an ACS in LMCAD.