Objective: To explore the clinicopathological characteristics and genomic characteristics of four patients with epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)-mutated advanced adenocarcinoma transformed into small-cell lung cancer. Methods: Four cases of EGFR-mutated advanced adenocarcinoma of the lung transformed into small-cell lung cancer were studied by clinical data, pathological morphology, immunohistochemistry and gene detection. Result: EGFR-mutated adenocarcinoma of the lung was heterogeneous in clinical and genomic profiles, of ten characterized by RB1, TP53 and PIK3CA mutations. Its transformation into small-cell lung cancer was a particularly aggressive mechanism of drug resistance, but the machanisms were not clear NSE and other tumor indicators had low diagnostic value for transformation. Conclusions: EGFR-mutated adenocarcinoma of the lung transformed into small-cell lung cancer was one of the reasons for EGFR resistance with avery poor prognosis.
目的： 探讨表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）突变型肺腺癌向小细胞肺癌（SCLC）转化患者的临床和基因组学特点。 方法： 报道4例EGFR突变的肺腺癌转化为SCLC患者的临床资料、病理形态、免疫组织化学和基因检测结果，结合文献对其进行探讨。 结果： EGFR突变型肺腺癌在临床表现和基因组学上具有异质性，患者常以RB1、TP53、PIK3CA等突变为主要特征，但具体转化机制仍不明确，神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）等肿瘤指标对转化的诊断价值不高，转化后即使EGFR突变仍然存在，EGFR酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（EGFR-TKi）治疗也无效。 结论： EGFR突变的肺腺癌转化为SCLC是EGFR-TKi耐药的原因之一，是一种特别具有攻击性的靶外耐药机制，预后较差。.