Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Functional Outcome after Thrombectomy: A Cohort Study of an Integrated Stroke Network

Erica Jones; Aditya Kumar; Victor Lopez-Rivera; Jacob Sebaugh; Haris Kamal; Sunil A Sheth; Anjail Sharrief; Alicia Zha

doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.106131

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Functional Outcome after Thrombectomy: A Cohort Study of an Integrated Stroke Network

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2021 Dec;30(12):106131. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.106131. Epub 2021 Oct 14.

Authors

Erica Jones¹, Aditya Kumar², Victor Lopez-Rivera², Jacob Sebaugh², Haris Kamal³, Sunil A Sheth², Anjail Sharrief⁴, Alicia Zha⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390, United States. Electronic address: Erica.Jones2@UTSouthwestern.edu.
² Department of Neurology, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
³ Department of Neurosurgery, New York Medical College Westchester Medical Center, White Plains, NY 10605, United States.
⁴ Department of Neurology, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, United States; Department of Neurology, Institute of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Disease, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, United States.

PMID: 34655973
PMCID: PMC8578430
DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.106131

Abstract

Objectives: Previous studies have shown racial disparities in access to treatment and outcomes in ischemic stroke patients. We sought to define racial disparities in functional outcomes among ischemic stroke patients receiving endovascular thrombectomy (EVT).

Materials and methods: We performed a retrospective review of patients in our institution's prospectively collected stroke patient registry from 08/2015 to 06/2019 at 1 comprehensive and 2 thrombectomy-ready stroke centers. We reviewed patients aged ≥ 18 who received mechanical thrombectomy including only patients with race/ethnicity data belonging to the 3 largest race/ethnic groups: Non-Hispanic White (NHW), Non-Hispanic Black (NHB), and Hispanic (HIS). We compared baseline characteristics and performed multivariable logistic regression to evaluate differences in good functional outcome defined as 90-day modified Rankin score (90 day mRS 0-2) as the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes were discharge disposition, length of stay, and excellent functional outcome (90 day mRS 0-1). Results are given as OR [95% CI].

Results: Among 666 patients that met inclusion criteria, 45% were NHW, 30% were NHB, and 19% were HIS. NHB and HIS patients were younger than NHW (average age NHB 62; HIS 64; and NHW 70; p < 0.001). Diabetes was more prevalent in NHB (32%, p = 0.02) and HIS (47%, p < 0.001) compared to NHW (23%). There were no significant racial differences in pre-morbid mRS, arrival NIHSS, tPA treatment rates. There was no difference in primary outcome by race comparing NHW to the other racial groups (OR 1.08 [0.68-1.72]) but compared to HIS patients, NHW had a higher likelihood of the secondary outcome of excellent functional outcome (aOR 2.23 [1.01-4.93]) defined as mRS 0-1.

Conclusions: In this study of over 600 patients treated with EVT, we did not find significant racial disparities in functional outcome except for less excellent functional outcome in HIS compared to NHW. Further study on disparities in post-acute stroke care is needed.

Keywords: Disparities; Outcomes; Racial; Thrombectomy.

MeSH terms

Aged
Black or African American / statistics & numerical data
Ethnicity* / statistics & numerical data
Health Status Disparities*
Hispanic or Latino / statistics & numerical data
Humans
Ischemic Stroke* / ethnology
Ischemic Stroke* / physiopathology
Ischemic Stroke* / surgery
Middle Aged
Racial Groups* / statistics & numerical data
Retrospective Studies
Thrombectomy*
Treatment Outcome
White People / statistics & numerical data

Abstract

MeSH terms

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